Deuteronomy 15:2 (KJV)

What does Deuteronomy 15:2 mean?

Deuteronomy 15:2 explains that every creditor in Israel must cancel debts owed by fellow Israelites at the time of the "release," meaning they cannot demand repayment from their neighbors or brothers because this time is set apart as the LORD’s release. This verse sets out a specific command for forgiving debts among the Israelite community during a special, recurring year.

Moses is speaking to the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land, giving them laws for living as God’s people. The "release" refers to the Sabbath year, which happened every seven years, when debts were to be forgiven. This command is about building a community marked by mercy and trust in God’s provision, rather than holding onto debts between fellow Israelites.

The Hebrew behind Deuteronomy 15:2

• The word "release" is שְׁמִטָּה (shemittah), meaning a letting go or a release. This is not just a postponement but a complete cancellation of debts, emphasizing a fresh start.
• "Creditor" here is בַּעַל מַשֶּׁה (ba‘al masheh), literally "master of a loan." This highlights the authority a lender had, which is now set aside during the release.
• "Exact" is נָשָׁה (nashah), meaning to press or demand payment. The command is not to pressure or pursue repayment during this special time.
• "Neighbor" (רֵעַ, re‘a) and "brother" (אָח, ’ach) both appear, showing the law’s focus on relationships within the Israelite community, not outsiders.

Why Deuteronomy 15:2 matters

• This verse clarifies that the release of debts was not a general economic policy but a specific act of mercy within the Israelite community, tied to their covenant with God.
• It shows that the law was designed to prevent long-term cycles of poverty and debt among Israelites, encouraging generosity and trust.
• The emphasis on "the LORD’s release" reminds the people that this act of forgiveness is rooted in God’s character and authority, not just human kindness.