Job 31:10 (KJV)

What does Job 31:10 mean?

Job 31:10 is Job declaring that if he has been unfaithful or immoral, then he deserves for his wife to become the possession of another man and for others to have relations with her. Job is making a strong statement about his own innocence by calling down a severe consequence if he is guilty.

In this verse, Job is speaking as part of a long oath before God, defending his integrity to his friends who have accused him of wrongdoing. The language is blunt and reflects ancient customs, where such consequences were seen as the ultimate shame and loss for a man. Job’s words show how seriously he takes his own faithfulness and honesty.

The Hebrew behind Job 31:10

• wife (אִשָּׁה, ishah): This word means "wife" or "woman," and here it emphasizes the personal and relational cost of Job’s proposed consequence.
• grind (טָחַן, tachan): This word literally means "to grind," often referring to grinding grain. In this context, it is a euphemism for sexual relations, showing the severity of Job’s oath.
• another (אַחֵר, acher): This word means "another" or "someone else," underlining the idea of Job’s wife being given to someone not her husband, which would be a deep dishonor.
• others (אַחֵר, acher): The same word is used again, reinforcing the idea of outsiders or strangers being involved.
• down (כָּרַע, kara): This word means "to bow down" or "bend," and here it is another euphemism for sexual relations, intensifying the shame Job describes.

Why Job 31:10 matters

• Job 31:10 clears up that Job is not making a casual statement but is invoking a curse on himself to prove his innocence; he is willing to accept the most humiliating consequences if he is guilty.
• The verse highlights the seriousness with which Job views marital faithfulness and personal integrity, showing that he holds himself to a high standard.
• Understanding the euphemisms and cultural context helps modern readers grasp the weight of Job’s words and the depth of his commitment to righteousness in the face of accusation.