Behold, O LORD; for I am in distress: my bowels are troubled; mine heart is turned within me; for I have grievously rebelled: abroad the sword bereaveth, at home there is as death.

LAMENTATIONS 1:20KJV
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What does Lamentations 1:20 mean?

Lamentations 1:20 is a cry of deep anguish directed to God, describing overwhelming emotional and physical pain because of personal rebellion and the devastating consequences that have followed, both outside and inside the city. The speaker confesses guilt and describes suffering from violence and death everywhere, feeling surrounded by loss and distress.

In this verse, Jerusalem is personified and speaks directly to the LORD (H3068), expressing intense distress (H6887) and inner turmoil. The language paints a vivid picture of suffering: the “bowels” (H4578) and “heart” (H3820) represent the center of emotion and feeling in Hebrew thought, showing that the pain is both physical and emotional. The verse connects this suffering to the city’s rebellion, and describes the situation as hopeless, with death and destruction both outside (“the sword”) and inside the city.

The Hebrew behind Lamentations 1:20

  • “Bowels” (מֵעֶה, me‘eh, H4578): In Hebrew, this word often refers to the inner parts or guts, which were thought to be the seat of deep emotions. The phrase “my bowels are troubled” uses this image to express intense emotional agony, not just physical discomfort.
  • “Heart” (לֵב, lev, H3820): The heart in Hebrew thought is the center of will and feeling. Saying “my heart is turned within me” shows a sense of being emotionally overwhelmed or turned upside down inside.
  • “Grievously rebelled” (מָרָה, marah, H4784): This word means to rebel or be stubborn. The speaker openly admits to having rebelled against God, linking the suffering to this rebellion.
  • “Sword” (חֶרֶב, cherev, H2719) and “bereaveth” (שָׁכַל, shakal, H7921): The sword is a symbol of violence and war, and “bereaveth” means to cause loss, especially of children or loved ones. Together, they show that violence outside the city has led to great loss.

Why Lamentations 1:20 matters

  • This verse makes clear that the suffering described is not random but is connected to acknowledged rebellion, highlighting the theme of personal and communal responsibility in Lamentations.
  • The vivid language about inner turmoil helps modern readers understand the depth of grief and distress experienced by those who survived Jerusalem’s destruction.
  • By showing both external dangers (“the sword”) and internal despair (“as death” at home), the verse emphasizes that there was no safe place left, underlining the total devastation faced by the people.

Where else these words appear

“troubled” Hebrew H2560 · used in 6 verses

  • Exodus 2:3 And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river's brink.
  • Job 16:16 My face is foul with weeping, and on my eyelids is the shadow of death;
  • Psalms 75:8 For in the hand of the LORD there is a cup, and the wine is red; it is full of mixture; and he poureth out of the same: but the dregs thereof, all the wicked of the earth shall wring them out, and drink them.

“bereaveth” Hebrew H7921 · used in 23 verses

  • Genesis 27:45 Until thy brother's anger turn away from thee, and he forget that which thou hast done to him: then I will send, and fetch thee from thence: why should I be deprived also of you both in one day?
  • 1 Samuel 15:33 And Samuel said, As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women. And Samuel hewed Agag in pieces before the LORD in Gilgal.
  • Ezekiel 5:17 So will I send upon you famine and evil beasts, and they shall bereave thee; and pestilence and blood shall pass through thee; and I will bring the sword upon thee. I the LORD have spoken it.

“bowels” Hebrew H4578 · used in 30 verses

  • Genesis 15:4 And, behold, the word of the LORD came unto him, saying, This shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thine heir.
  • 2 Chronicles 21:19 And it came to pass, that in process of time, after the end of two years, his bowels fell out by reason of his sickness: so he died of sore diseases. And his people made no burning for him, like the burning of his fathers.
  • Isaiah 48:19 Thy seed also had been as the sand, and the offspring of thy bowels like the gravel thereof; his name should not have been cut off nor destroyed from before me.

“grievously” Hebrew H4784 · used in 43 verses

  • Numbers 20:10 And Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together before the rock, and he said unto them, Hear now, ye rebels; must we fetch you water out of this rock?
  • 1 Kings 13:21 And he cried unto the man of God that came from Judah, saying, Thus saith the LORD, Forasmuch as thou hast disobeyed the mouth of the LORD, and hast not kept the commandment which the LORD thy God commanded thee,
  • Psalms 107:11 Because they rebelled against the words of God, and contemned the counsel of the most High: