Her filthiness is in her skirts; she remembereth not her last end; therefore she came down wonderfully: she had no comforter. O LORD, behold my affliction: for the enemy hath magnified himself.

LAMENTATIONS 1:9KJV
Know the Bible

What does Lamentations 1:9 mean?

Lamentations 1:9 describes Jerusalem’s shame and downfall, saying her “filthiness is in her skirts” and she did not remember her end, so she fell terribly and had no one to comfort her. The verse ends with a cry to the LORD to see her suffering, as her enemy has become great.

This verse is spoken by the poet (traditionally Jeremiah), picturing Jerusalem as a woman who ignored the consequences of her actions and is now left alone in misery. The setting is after Jerusalem’s destruction by Babylon, and the verse highlights both her moral failure and her desperate plea for God to notice her pain.

The Hebrew behind Lamentations 1:9

  • “Filthiness” (נִדָּה, niddah): This word often refers to ceremonial uncleanness or impurity. Here, it paints a vivid picture of Jerusalem’s disgrace being obvious and public, not hidden.
  • “Skirts” (שֵׁפֶל, shefel): This word means the lower part of a garment, suggesting that Jerusalem’s shame is exposed for all to see.
  • “Remembereth” (זָכַר, zakar): The verse says Jerusalem “did not remember her last end,” meaning she failed to consider the consequences of her actions.
  • “Down” (יָרַד, yarad) and “wonderfully” (פֶּלֶא, pele’): The phrase “came down wonderfully” means she fell in a shocking or extraordinary way, not just a normal decline.
  • “Comforter” (נָחַם, nacham): The word for comforter here means someone who brings relief or consolation, highlighting Jerusalem’s total isolation.
  • “LORD” (יְהוָה, YHWH): The personal name for God, showing the direct appeal to God for help.
  • “Affliction” (עָנִי, oni): This word means deep suffering or misery, emphasizing the depth of Jerusalem’s pain.
  • “Enemy” (אוֹיֵב, oyev) and “magnified” (גָּדַל, gadal): The enemy is said to have “magnified himself,” meaning he has become powerful and arrogant over Jerusalem.

Why Lamentations 1:9 matters

  • This verse makes clear that Jerusalem’s suffering is not just physical destruction, but also deep shame and regret for ignoring warnings about her future.
  • The vivid language about impurity and exposure shows how public and undeniable her disgrace is, not something that can be hidden or denied.
  • The direct cry to the LORD connects the personal pain of the city to a plea for divine attention, setting up the rest of the chapter’s honest wrestling with suffering and hope for mercy.

Where else these words appear

“skirts” Hebrew H7757 · used in 10 verses

  • Exodus 28:33 And beneath upon the hem of it thou shalt make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, round about the hem thereof; and bells of gold between them round about:
  • Exodus 39:25 And they made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates upon the hem of the robe, round about between the pomegranates;
  • Jeremiah 13:22 And if thou say in thine heart, Wherefore come these things upon me? For the greatness of thine iniquity are thy skirts discovered, and thy heels made bare.

“wonderfully” Hebrew H6382 · used in 13 verses

  • Exodus 15:11 Who is like unto thee, O LORD, among the gods? who is like thee, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders?
  • Psalms 88:10 Wilt thou shew wonders to the dead? shall the dead arise and praise thee? Selah.
  • Isaiah 9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.

“filthiness” Hebrew H2932 · used in 31 verses

  • Leviticus 5:3 Or if he touch the uncleanness of man, whatsoever uncleanness it be that a man shall be defiled withal, and it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty.
  • Leviticus 16:19 And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and hallow it from the uncleanness of the children of Israel.
  • Ezra 6:21 And the children of Israel, which were come again out of captivity, and all such as had separated themselves unto them from the filthiness of the heathen of the land, to seek the LORD God of Israel, did eat,

“affliction” Hebrew H6040 · used in 37 verses

  • Genesis 16:11 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son, and shalt call his name Ishmael; because the LORD hath heard thy affliction.
  • 1 Chronicles 22:14 Now, behold, in my trouble I have prepared for the house of the LORD an hundred thousand talents of gold, and a thousand thousand talents of silver; and of brass and iron without weight; for it is in abundance: timber also and stone have I prepared; and thou mayest add thereto.
  • Psalms 88:9 Mine eye mourneth by reason of affliction: LORD, I have called daily upon thee, I have stretched out my hands unto thee.