Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin upon him.

LEVITICUS 19:17KJV
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What does Leviticus 19:17 mean?

Leviticus 19:17 tells the Israelites not to secretly hate their fellow Israelite but instead to honestly confront a neighbor when they do wrong, so that sin does not continue unchecked. The verse emphasizes dealing with problems openly and caring enough to help someone avoid wrongdoing rather than harboring resentment.

In this part of Leviticus, God is giving Moses instructions for the people of Israel on how to live together in a just and holy community. The verse is part of a larger section about loving your neighbor and treating others fairly. The focus is on honest relationships—addressing issues directly instead of letting anger or hatred grow in the heart.

The Hebrew behind Leviticus 19:17

  • hate (שָׂנֵא, sane): This word means to feel hostility or intense dislike. The verse warns against letting such feelings remain hidden inside, especially toward a fellow Israelite.
  • rebuke (יָכַח, yakhach): This word means to correct, reprove, or confront. The command is not just to point out faults harshly, but to help a neighbor see their mistake so they can change.
  • suffer (נָשָׂא, nasa): Here, this word means to "bear" or "carry." The verse tells the reader not to "bear" or "carry" someone else's sin by ignoring it, which would make the bystander partly responsible.
  • sin (חֵטְא, chet): This word means wrongdoing or missing the mark. The concern is that ignoring a neighbor's sin allows harm to spread, affecting the whole community.

Why Leviticus 19:17 matters

  • Leviticus 19:17 clarifies that true care for others involves honest confrontation, not silent resentment or gossip.
  • The verse shows that ignoring someone’s wrongdoing is not kindness; it can actually make you complicit in their sin.
  • This command is part of a larger call to love your neighbor (see Leviticus 19:18), showing that love sometimes means having difficult conversations for the good of the community.

Where else these words appear

“neighbour” Hebrew H5997 · used in 10 verses

  • Leviticus 6:2 If a soul sin, and commit a trespass against the LORD, and lie unto his neighbour in that which was delivered him to keep, or in fellowship, or in a thing taken away by violence, or hath deceived his neighbour;
  • Leviticus 19:15 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honour the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbour.
  • Leviticus 25:15 According to the number of years after the jubile thou shalt buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto thee:

“sin” Hebrew H2399 · used in 33 verses

  • Genesis 41:9 Then spake the chief butler unto Pharaoh, saying, I do remember my faults this day:
  • Deuteronomy 21:22 And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:
  • Psalms 103:10 He hath not dealt with us after our sins; nor rewarded us according to our iniquities.

“wise” Hebrew H3198 · used in 55 verses

  • Genesis 20:16 And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she was reproved.
  • Job 16:21 O that one might plead for a man with God, as a man pleadeth for his neighbour!
  • Proverbs 19:25 Smite a scorner, and the simple will beware: and reprove one that hath understanding, and he will understand knowledge.

“hate” Hebrew H8130 · used in 139 verses

  • Genesis 24:60 And they blessed Rebekah, and said unto her, Thou art our sister, be thou the mother of thousands of millions, and let thy seed possess the gate of those which hate them.
  • Esther 9:5 Thus the Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword, and slaughter, and destruction, and did what they would unto those that hated them.
  • Proverbs 1:29 For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD: