Luke 23:40 (KJV)

What does Luke 23:40 mean?

Luke 23:40 shows one of the criminals being crucified next to Jesus rebuking the other criminal for mocking Jesus, warning him to fear God since they are both facing the same punishment. This verse highlights a moment of recognition and respect for God, even in a desperate situation.

In this scene, two criminals are being crucified alongside Jesus. One insults Jesus, but the other speaks up, challenging his companion’s attitude and reminding him that they are all under the same sentence of death. The verse sets the stage for the second criminal’s later request for mercy from Jesus, and it shows a contrast in how people respond to suffering and judgment.

The Greek behind Luke 23:40

• The word "rebuked" (ἐπετίμα, epetima) means to strongly warn or correct. The Greek here carries the sense of a sharp, serious correction, not just a mild disagreement.
• The phrase "fear God" (φοβῇ τὸν θεόν, phobē ton theon) uses a word for fear that often means deep respect or awe, not just being scared. The criminal is urging his companion to have reverence for God, especially given their dire situation.
• The word "condemnation" (κρίμα, krima) refers to a judicial sentence or judgment. Here, it points to the shared reality that both criminals are under the same sentence of death, adding weight to the rebuke.

Why Luke 23:40 matters

• This verse clears up the idea that both criminals mocked Jesus; Luke shows that one actually defended Jesus and showed respect for God.
• The rebuke highlights the seriousness of the moment and the possibility of recognizing truth even in a final hour.
• Luke 23:40 sets up the conversation that follows, where the second criminal asks Jesus to remember him, showing a turning point in his attitude toward Jesus and God.