Matthew 6:17 (KJV)

What does Matthew 6:17 mean?

Matthew 6:17 instructs the reader that when fasting, one should anoint their head and wash their face, presenting themselves as usual rather than drawing attention to their fasting. This teaching encourages a private, sincere approach to spiritual practices, rather than seeking recognition from others.

In this verse, Jesus is speaking to his followers during the Sermon on the Mount, addressing how to practice fasting in a way that is genuine and not for public display. The instruction to anoint the head and wash the face refers to normal grooming habits of the time, suggesting that fasting should not be outwardly obvious. This guidance fits into a larger section where Jesus warns against practicing righteousness to be seen by others.

The Greek behind Matthew 6:17

• "ἀλείφω" (aleiphō, "anoint"): This word means to apply oil, which was a common act of grooming or refreshment in the ancient world, not just a religious ritual. Here, it emphasizes acting normally rather than showing signs of fasting.
• "νίπτω" (niptō, "wash"): This word means to wash, especially the face or hands. Jesus' use of this word points to maintaining a regular appearance, so others would not notice the person is fasting.
• "κεφαλή" (kephalē, "head") and "πρόσωπον" (prosōpon, "face"): These words specify the parts of the body to be cared for, highlighting the practical, everyday nature of the instruction.

Why Matthew 6:17 matters

• Matthew 6:17 clarifies that spiritual practices like fasting are meant to be between the individual and God, not performed for social approval or attention.
• This verse helps correct the misunderstanding that visible signs of sacrifice or suffering are necessary to prove one’s devotion.
• The instruction connects to the broader message in the Sermon on the Mount about sincerity in religious life, reinforcing the theme that true righteousness is inward, not outward.