Proverbs 23:31 (KJV)

What does Proverbs 23:31 mean?

Proverbs 23:31 warns the reader not to be drawn in by the appealing look of wine when it is red and sparkling in the cup, cautioning against being enticed by its appearance. The verse suggests that the attractiveness of wine can be deceptive and lead to negative consequences.

In this part of Proverbs, a wise teacher is giving practical advice to a listener—likely a young person—about the dangers of overindulgence, especially with alcohol. The verse paints a vivid picture of wine’s tempting qualities, highlighting how its color and movement in the cup can lure someone in. This warning fits into a larger section (Proverbs 23:29–35) that describes the troubles caused by drunkenness.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 23:31

• "Look" (רָאָה, ra’ah): This word means more than a casual glance; it often carries the sense of gazing with interest or desire. The verse is not just about seeing wine, but about being captivated by it.
• "Wine" (יַיִן, yayin): The word refers specifically to fermented grape drink, which was common in ancient Israel. The focus is on wine that is visually appealing and potentially intoxicating.
• "Red" (אָדוֹם, adom): This word highlights the rich, attractive color of wine, which could make it more tempting.
• "Moveth" (הָלַךְ, halakh): This verb usually means "to walk" or "to move," but here it describes the swirling or sparkling motion of wine in the cup, adding to its allure.

Why Proverbs 23:31 matters

• Proverbs 23:31 clarifies that the danger is not just in drinking wine, but in being seduced by its appearance and the desire it stirs up.
• The verse helps explain the broader warning in Proverbs 23:29–35, where the consequences of drunkenness—pain, confusion, and regret—are described in detail.
• This verse reminds readers that temptation often begins with what is seen and desired, not just with actions, highlighting the importance of guarding one’s heart and attention.