At the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder.

PROVERBS 23:32KJV
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What does Proverbs 23:32 mean?

Proverbs 23:32 warns that, in the end, something that once seemed appealing or harmless will turn out to be dangerous and painful, like being bitten by a snake or stung by a viper. The verse uses vivid imagery to show that the consequences will be sudden and harmful.

In this part of Proverbs, a wise teacher is warning listeners—often imagined as a parent speaking to a child—about the dangers of excessive drinking. The verse follows a description of wine’s allure and shifts to its hidden dangers, using strong comparisons to poisonous snakes. The message is that what starts out as pleasant can end in harm, and the warning is meant to make the listener think twice about being deceived by appearances.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 23:32

  • "biteth" (נָשַׁךְ, nāshakh): This word means to bite, especially as a snake does. The image is not just of a small nip, but of a real, harmful attack, highlighting the seriousness of the danger.
  • "serpent" (נָחָשׁ, nāchāsh): This is the general Hebrew word for a snake or serpent. In ancient times, serpents were a common symbol of hidden danger or sudden harm.
  • "stingeth" (פָּרַשׁ, pārash): This word means to spread or scatter, but in this context, it is often understood as a sharp, piercing wound, like a snake’s venomous strike.
  • "adder" (צִפְעֹנִי, tsiph‘ōnī): This refers to a specific kind of venomous snake, often thought to be especially dangerous. Using this word underlines the seriousness of the warning.

Why Proverbs 23:32 matters

  • Proverbs 23:32 clarifies that the dangers of overindulgence are not always immediate, but can come unexpectedly "at the last," which helps readers understand the deceptive nature of temptation.
  • The verse’s use of snake imagery connects to a broader biblical theme where serpents represent hidden threats, making the warning more memorable and vivid.
  • This verse is part of a larger passage (Proverbs 23:29–35) that describes the effects of drunkenness, helping readers see the practical wisdom in avoiding behaviors that seem harmless but have serious consequences.

Where else these words appear

“stingeth” Hebrew H6567 · used in 5 verses

  • Leviticus 24:12 And they put him in ward, that the mind of the LORD might be shewed them.
  • Numbers 15:34 And they put him in ward, because it was not declared what should be done to him.
  • Nehemiah 8:8 So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense, and caused them to understand the reading.

“adder” Hebrew H6848 · used in 5 verses

  • Isaiah 11:8 And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den.
  • Isaiah 14:29 Rejoice not thou, whole Palestina, because the rod of him that smote thee is broken: for out of the serpent's root shall come forth a cockatrice, and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent.
  • Isaiah 59:5 They hatch cockatrice' eggs, and weave the spider's web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.

“biteth” Hebrew H5391 · used in 14 verses

  • Genesis 49:17 Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.
  • Deuteronomy 23:19 Thou shalt not lend upon usury to thy brother; usury of money, usury of victuals, usury of any thing that is lent upon usury:
  • Jeremiah 8:17 For, behold, I will send serpents, cockatrices, among you, which will not be charmed, and they shall bite you, saith the LORD.

“serpent” Hebrew H5175 · used in 28 verses

  • Genesis 3:1 Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
  • Numbers 21:7 Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
  • Ecclesiastes 10:11 Surely the serpent will bite without enchantment; and a babbler is no better.