Their enemies also oppressed them, and they were brought into subjection under their hand.

PSALMS 106:42KJV
Know the Bible

What does Psalms 106:42 mean?

Psalms 106:42 describes how Israel’s enemies overpowered them and forced them to submit, putting them under harsh control. The verse highlights a time when Israel lost its freedom and was dominated by those who opposed them.

This verse is part of a psalm where the writer looks back on Israel’s history, showing how the people’s unfaithfulness led to times of suffering and defeat. The psalmist is speaking to God and the community, recalling how Israel’s enemies gained the upper hand and oppressed them as a consequence of turning away from God.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 106:42

  • "enemies" (אֹיֵב, ʾoyev): This word refers specifically to those who are hostile or adversarial. The verse emphasizes that these were not just foreign nations, but active opponents.
  • "oppressed" (לָחַץ, lachats): This word often means to press, squeeze, or crush, suggesting that the oppression was harsh and burdensome, not just a loss of independence.
  • "subjection" (כָּנַע, kanaʿ): This word carries the sense of being humbled or brought low. It highlights that Israel was not just defeated, but made to submit and lose dignity.
  • "hand" (יָד, yad): In Hebrew, “hand” often symbolizes power or control. Here, it stresses that Israel was under the direct power and authority of their enemies.

Why Psalms 106:42 matters

  • This verse helps clarify that Israel’s suffering was not random misfortune, but a result of being overpowered by specific hostile nations as a consequence of their actions.
  • The verse connects to the wider psalm, which recounts cycles of disobedience, punishment, and deliverance, showing a pattern in Israel’s history.
  • Understanding the strong language for oppression and subjection adds depth, showing that the experience was deeply humiliating and painful, not just a political defeat.

Where else these words appear

“oppressed” Hebrew H3905 · used in 18 verses

  • Exodus 3:9 Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
  • Judges 2:18 And when the LORD raised them up judges, then the LORD was with the judge, and delivered them out of the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge: for it repented the LORD because of their groanings by reason of them that oppressed them and vexed them.
  • 2 Kings 13:4 And Jehoahaz besought the LORD, and the LORD hearkened unto him: for he saw the oppression of Israel, because the king of Syria oppressed them.

“subjection” Hebrew H3665 · used in 32 verses

  • Leviticus 26:41 And that I also have walked contrary unto them, and have brought them into the land of their enemies; if then their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept of the punishment of their iniquity:
  • 1 Chronicles 17:10 And since the time that I commanded judges to be over my people Israel. Moreover I will subdue all thine enemies. Furthermore I tell thee that the LORD will build thee an house.
  • 2 Chronicles 32:26 Notwithstanding Hezekiah humbled himself for the pride of his heart, both he and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so that the wrath of the LORD came not upon them in the days of Hezekiah.