And king Solomon answered and said unto his mother, And why dost thou ask Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah? ask for him the kingdom also; for he is mine elder brother; even for him, and for Abiathar the priest, and for Joab the son of Zeruiah.

1 KINGS 2:22KJV
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What does 1 Kings 2:22 mean?

1 Kings 2:22 shows King Solomon responding sharply to his mother Bathsheba when she asks him to give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah. Solomon sees this request as a threat to his throne, suggesting that granting it would be like giving Adonijah the whole kingdom, since Adonijah is his older brother and has supporters.

In this verse, Solomon is speaking to his mother Bathsheba, who has brought a request from Adonijah. The situation is tense because Adonijah had previously tried to claim the throne. Solomon’s answer reveals that, in the culture of the time, giving Abishag (a woman closely associated with the former king, David) to Adonijah could be seen as giving him a claim to kingship. Solomon also mentions Abiathar the priest and Joab, two powerful men who had supported Adonijah, showing he sees a larger threat behind this request.

The Hebrew behind 1 Kings 2:22

  • "king" (מֶלֶךְ, melekh): This word emphasizes Solomon’s authority and the seriousness of his response as the reigning king.
  • "elder" (גָּדוֹל, gadol): Solomon calls Adonijah his "elder brother," highlighting that Adonijah’s age could make his claim to the throne seem legitimate to some.
  • "kingdom" (מַלְכוּת, malkhut): Solomon’s use of this word shows he interprets the request as a challenge to his rule, not just a personal favor.

Why 1 Kings 2:22 matters

  • This verse clarifies why Solomon reacts so strongly to what might seem like a simple request, revealing the political danger behind it.
  • It shows how royal succession in ancient Israel was not just about family but about alliances and public perception.
  • The verse connects to the wider story of Solomon securing his throne and dealing with rivals, setting the stage for his later actions against Adonijah and his supporters.

Where else these words appear

“Abishag” Hebrew H49 · used in 5 verses

  • 1 Kings 1:3 So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the coasts of Israel, and found Abishag a Shunammite, and brought her to the king.
  • 1 Kings 1:15 And Bathsheba went in unto the king into the chamber: and the king was very old; and Abishag the Shunammite ministered unto the king.
  • 1 Kings 2:17 And he said, Speak, I pray thee, unto Solomon the king,(for he will not say thee nay,) that he give me Abishag the Shunammite to wife.

“Shunammite” Hebrew H7767 · used in 8 verses

  • 1 Kings 1:3 So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the coasts of Israel, and found Abishag a Shunammite, and brought her to the king.
  • 1 Kings 2:17 And he said, Speak, I pray thee, unto Solomon the king,(for he will not say thee nay,) that he give me Abishag the Shunammite to wife.
  • 2 Kings 4:12 And he said to Gehazi his servant, Call this Shunammite. And when he had called her, she stood before him.

“kingdom” Hebrew H4410 · used in 23 verses

  • 1 Samuel 10:16 And Saul said unto his uncle, He told us plainly that the asses were found. But of the matter of the kingdom, whereof Samuel spake, he told him not.
  • 1 Kings 1:46 And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom.
  • Psalms 22:28 For the kingdom is the LORD'S: and he is the governor among the nations.

“Zeruiah” Hebrew H6870 · used in 25 verses

  • 1 Samuel 26:6 Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother to Joab, saying, Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp? And Abishai said, I will go down with thee.
  • 2 Samuel 17:25 And Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of Joab: which Amasa was a man's son, whose name was Ithra an Israelite, that went in to Abigail the daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah Joab's mother.
  • 1 Kings 2:5 Moreover thou knowest also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, and what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Israel, unto Abner the son of Ner, and unto Amasa the son of Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace, and put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his loins, and in his shoes that were on his feet.