1 Kings 9:16 (KJV)

What does 1 Kings 9:16 mean?

1 Kings 9:16 explains that Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, attacked and destroyed the city of Gezer, killing the Canaanite inhabitants and burning the city, and then gave the city as a gift to his daughter, who was married to Solomon. This verse shows how Gezer came under Israelite control through a political alliance rather than direct conquest by Israel.

The verse is part of a larger section describing Solomon's building projects and alliances. It highlights the political relationship between Israel and Egypt during Solomon's reign, showing that Solomon's marriage to Pharaoh's daughter brought tangible benefits, such as the city of Gezer. This detail helps explain how Solomon expanded his influence and resources.

The Hebrew behind 1 Kings 9:16

• גֶּזֶר (Gezer, Gezer): This is the name of the city involved. Gezer was a significant Canaanite city in the region, and its transfer to Solomon marks a notable shift in control.
• תְּנָה (tenah, given): This word means "given," emphasizing that Pharaoh intentionally presented Gezer as a gift, not just as a conquered spoil, but as part of a diplomatic exchange.
• שִׁלֻּחִים (shilluchim, present): This word means "present" or "dowry," highlighting that the gift of Gezer was part of the marriage arrangement, which was a common practice in ancient royal alliances.

Why 1 Kings 9:16 matters

• 1 Kings 9:16 clarifies that Gezer became part of Israel not through Israelite military action, but through an alliance with Egypt, which is unusual compared to other territorial gains in the Old Testament.
• The verse emphasizes the importance of political marriages in the ancient world, showing how they could bring significant material and strategic advantages.
• This detail helps explain the broader context of Solomon's reign, where international relationships and alliances played a key role in the growth and stability of his kingdom.