Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt in any case bring them again unto thy brother.

DEUTERONOMY 22:1KJV
Know the Bible

What does Deuteronomy 22:1 mean?

Deuteronomy 22:1 instructs that if someone sees their fellow Israelite’s ox or sheep wandering off, they must not ignore it but are required to help return the animal to its owner. The verse emphasizes personal responsibility for a neighbor’s property and discourages turning a blind eye to someone else’s loss.

In this verse, Moses is speaking to the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land, giving them laws for living together as a community. The focus is on practical, everyday situations—here, the loss of valuable livestock—and the expectation that each person will act to protect the well-being of others, not just their own interests.

The Hebrew behind Deuteronomy 22:1

  • רָאָה (ra’ah, “see”): This word means more than just noticing; it implies a real awareness or witnessing of something happening. The verse expects the person to act on what they see, not just pass by.
  • הִתְעַלַּם (hit‘alam, “hide thyself”): This word can mean to deliberately ignore or pretend not to notice. The command is not just about physical hiding but about refusing to avoid responsibility.
  • הֵשִׁיב (heshiv, “bring...again”): This word means to return or restore. The verse uses it twice, stressing the obligation to actively make things right by returning the lost animal.

Why Deuteronomy 22:1 matters

  • This verse clarifies that caring for a neighbor’s property is a shared duty, not just a personal choice, and that ignoring a neighbor’s loss is not acceptable.
  • The command sets a tone for the surrounding laws in Deuteronomy, which often focus on building a just and compassionate community through everyday actions.
  • By using strong language about “seeing” and “not hiding,” the verse highlights that responsibility begins the moment someone becomes aware of a need, not just when it is convenient.

Where else these words appear

“hide” Hebrew H5956 · used in 27 verses

  • Leviticus 4:13 And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which should not be done, and are guilty;
  • 1 Samuel 12:3 Behold, here I am: witness against me before the LORD, and before his anointed: whose ox have I taken? or whose ass have I taken? or whom have I defrauded? whom have I oppressed? or of whose hand have I received any bribe to blind mine eyes therewith? and I will restore it you.
  • Psalms 55:1 To the chief Musician on Neginoth, Maschil, A Psalm of David. Give ear to my prayer, O God; and hide not thyself from my supplication.

“sheep” Hebrew H7716 · used in 39 verses

  • Genesis 22:7 And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?
  • Exodus 34:20 But the firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb: and if thou redeem him not, then shalt thou break his neck. All the firstborn of thy sons thou shalt redeem. And none shall appear before me empty.
  • 1 Samuel 15:3 Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.

“astray” Hebrew H5080 · used in 51 verses

  • Deuteronomy 4:19 And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath divided unto all nations under the whole heaven.
  • Job 6:13 Is not my help in me? and is wisdom driven quite from me?
  • Jeremiah 29:14 And I will be found of you, saith the LORD: and I will turn away your captivity, and I will gather you from all the nations, and from all the places whither I have driven you, saith the LORD; and I will bring you again into the place whence I caused you to be carried away captive.

“ox” Hebrew H7794 · used in 69 verses

  • Genesis 32:5 And I have oxen, and asses, flocks, and menservants, and womenservants: and I have sent to tell my lord, that I may find grace in thy sight.
  • Leviticus 17:3 What man soever there be of the house of Israel, that killeth an ox, or lamb, or goat, in the camp, or that killeth it out of the camp,
  • Judges 6:25 And it came to pass the same night, that the LORD said unto him, Take thy father's young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that thy father hath, and cut down the grove that is by it: