Exodus 20:16 (KJV)

What does Exodus 20:16 mean?

Exodus 20:16 commands people not to give false testimony against others, especially in legal or community settings. This verse is about honesty and fairness, making it clear that lying about someone else, particularly in a way that harms them, is forbidden.

God is speaking to the Israelites at Mount Sinai, giving them the Ten Commandments as the foundation for their life together. This commandment focuses on protecting each person’s reputation and ensuring justice in the community, especially in situations where someone’s word could decide another person’s fate.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 20:16

• "bear" (עָנָה, ‘anah): This word often means to answer or respond, especially in a formal setting like a court. Here, it highlights that the commandment is about giving testimony or speaking up about someone else.
• "false" (שֶׁקֶר, sheqer): This word means something untrue, deceptive, or misleading. The emphasis is not just on outright lies, but also on any kind of dishonest or misleading statement.
• "witness" (עֵד, ‘ed): This word refers to someone who testifies or gives evidence. The commandment is specifically about the responsibility of someone who is called to speak about another person.
• "neighbour" (רֵעַ, re‘a): This word means a fellow member of the community, not just someone who lives nearby. The commandment applies to anyone in the community, not only close friends or literal neighbors.

Why Exodus 20:16 matters

• Exodus 20:16 is not just about lying in general, but specifically about giving harmful or dishonest testimony that could affect another person’s life or reputation.
• The verse highlights the importance of truthfulness in legal and community matters, showing that justice depends on honest witnesses.
• This commandment connects to the broader theme of the Ten Commandments, which aim to build a trustworthy and fair society where people can rely on each other’s words.