He that despiseth his neighbour sinneth: but he that hath mercy on the poor, happy is he.

PROVERBS 14:21KJV
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What does Proverbs 14:21 mean?

Proverbs 14:21 says that looking down on or mistreating your neighbor is wrong, but showing kindness to those in need leads to true happiness. The verse draws a clear line between selfishness and compassion, highlighting the blessing that comes from caring for others, especially the poor.

This proverb is part of a collection of wise sayings traditionally attributed to Solomon, aimed at teaching practical and moral living. The verse addresses everyday relationships, urging readers to treat neighbors with respect and to be generous toward those who are struggling. It suggests that happiness is tied not to wealth or status, but to mercy and kindness.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 14:21

  • "despiseth" (בּוּז, buz, H936) means to hold in contempt or to treat as insignificant. The word carries a strong sense of looking down on someone, not just ignoring them.
  • "neighbour" (רֵעַ, re‘a, H7453) refers to a fellow person in your community, not just someone living next door. This broadens the command to include anyone you interact with.
  • "sinneth" (חָטָא, chata’, H2398) is the common Hebrew word for missing the mark or doing wrong, emphasizing that despising others is not just unkind but morally wrong.
  • "mercy" (חָנַן, chanan, H2603) means to show favor or compassion, especially to someone in a lower position or in need.
  • "poor" (עָנָו, ‘anav, H6035; עָנִי, ‘ani, H6041) can refer to those who are humble or afflicted, not just financially poor. It highlights vulnerability in any form.
  • "happy" (אַשְׁרֵי, ashrei, H835) means blessed or truly fortunate, suggesting a deep, lasting happiness that comes from living rightly.

Why Proverbs 14:21 matters

  • Proverbs 14:21 challenges the idea that happiness comes from self-focus or material gain, showing instead that joy is found in compassion.
  • The verse expands the definition of "neighbor" to include anyone in need, not just close friends or literal neighbors.
  • By calling despising a neighbor a "sin," the proverb raises the stakes, making clear that how we treat others is a serious moral issue, not just a matter of manners.

Where else these words appear

“despiseth” Hebrew H936 · used in 11 verses

  • Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.
  • Proverbs 13:13 Whoso despiseth the word shall be destroyed: but he that feareth the commandment shall be rewarded.
  • Proverbs 30:17 The eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.

“poor” Hebrew H6035 · used in 24 verses

  • Numbers 12:3 (Now the man Moses was very meek, above all the men which were upon the face of the earth.)
  • Psalms 25:9 The meek will he guide in judgment: and the meek will he teach his way.
  • Proverbs 16:19 Better it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, than to divide the spoil with the proud.

“happy” Hebrew H835 · used in 42 verses

  • Deuteronomy 33:29 Happy art thou, O Israel: who is like unto thee, O people saved by the LORD, the shield of thy help, and who is the sword of thy excellency! and thine enemies shall be found liars unto thee; and thou shalt tread upon their high places.
  • Psalms 84:4 Blessed are they that dwell in thy house: they will be still praising thee. Selah.
  • Psalms 144:15 Happy is that people, that is in such a case: yea, happy is that people, whose God is the LORD.

“mercy” Hebrew H2603 · used in 72 verses

  • Genesis 33:5 And he lifted up his eyes, and saw the women and the children; and said, Who are those with thee? And he said, The children which God hath graciously given thy servant.
  • Job 19:16 I called my servant, and he gave me no answer; I intreated him with my mouth.
  • Psalms 102:14 For thy servants take pleasure in her stones, and favour the dust thereof.