But as for me, when they were sick, my clothing was sackcloth: I humbled my soul with fasting; and my prayer returned into mine own bosom.

PSALMS 35:13KJV
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What does Psalms 35:13 mean?

Psalms 35:13 describes how the psalmist, David, responded with humility and compassion when his enemies were suffering, wearing sackcloth, fasting, and praying for them. Even though these people later turned against him, David’s prayers for their well-being were sincere and heartfelt.

David is speaking about his own actions during a time when those who now oppose him were themselves in trouble or sick. Instead of rejoicing at their hardship, David mourned for them and humbled himself, showing genuine concern. The verse highlights David’s integrity and the depth of his empathy, even for those who would later become his adversaries.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 35:13

  • "Sick" (חָלָה, ḥālāh): This word means to be weak or ill. David’s compassion was triggered by the real suffering of others, not just minor troubles.
  • "Sackcloth" (שַׂק, saq): Sackcloth was a rough, uncomfortable fabric worn as a sign of mourning or deep distress. David’s choice to wear it shows public, visible grief for his enemies.
  • "Humbled" (עָנָה, ‘anah): This word often means to afflict or humble oneself, usually in a spiritual sense. David deliberately lowered himself, not just outwardly but inwardly, through fasting.
  • "Prayer" (תְּפִלָּה, tefillah): This is the general word for prayer, showing David’s spiritual response. The phrase about prayer returning "into mine own bosom" suggests that his prayers, though sincere, may have gone unanswered or benefited only himself.

Why Psalms 35:13 matters

  • Psalms 35:13 clears up the idea that David was vengeful; instead, he showed compassion even to those who would become his enemies.
  • The verse emphasizes the depth of David’s empathy, making his later complaints about betrayal more poignant in the context of the whole psalm.
  • This verse connects to the wider passage by highlighting the contrast between David’s kindness and the hostility he later receives, deepening the sense of injustice he feels.

Where else these words appear

“fasting” Hebrew H6685 · used in 22 verses

  • 2 Samuel 12:16 David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and went in, and lay all night upon the earth.
  • Esther 9:31 To confirm these days of Purim in their times appointed, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had decreed for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.
  • Jeremiah 36:9 And it came to pass in the fifth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, in the ninth month, that they proclaimed a fast before the LORD to all the people in Jerusalem, and to all the people that came from the cities of Judah unto Jerusalem.

“clothing” Hebrew H3830 · used in 32 verses

  • Genesis 49:11 Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
  • Job 24:7 They cause the naked to lodge without clothing, that they have no covering in the cold.
  • Psalms 102:26 They shall perish, but thou shalt endure: yea, all of them shall wax old like a garment; as a vesture shalt thou change them, and they shall be changed:

“bosom” Hebrew H2436 · used in 34 verses

  • Genesis 16:5 And Sarai said unto Abram, My wrong be upon thee: I have given my maid into thy bosom; and when she saw that she had conceived, I was despised in her eyes: the LORD judge between me and thee.
  • 1 Kings 3:20 And she arose at midnight, and took my son from beside me, while thine handmaid slept, and laid it in her bosom, and laid her dead child in my bosom.
  • Proverbs 21:14 A gift in secret pacifieth anger: and a reward in the bosom strong wrath.

“sackcloth” Hebrew H8242 · used in 46 verses

  • Genesis 37:34 And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days.
  • Nehemiah 9:1 Now in the twenty and fourth day of this month the children of Israel were assembled with fasting, and with sackclothes, and earth upon them.
  • Isaiah 58:5 Is it such a fast that I have chosen? a day for a man to afflict his soul? is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD?