And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him: and the third day he shall rise again.

MATTHEW 20:19KJV
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What does Matthew 20:19 mean?

Matthew 20:19 describes how Jesus will be handed over to non-Jewish authorities, who will mock him, whip him, and kill him by crucifixion, but on the third day after his death, he will come back to life. This verse is Jesus predicting the specific suffering and resurrection he will experience.

In this scene, Jesus is speaking privately to his disciples as they travel toward Jerusalem. He is giving them a clear and detailed warning about what will soon happen to him, including the involvement of the Gentiles (non-Jews), the humiliation and violence he will face, and his resurrection after three days. This prediction shows Jesus’ awareness of the events ahead and prepares his followers for the shocking things to come.

The Greek behind Matthew 20:19

  • “Gentiles” (ἔθνεσιν, ethnesin): This word means non-Jewish nations or peoples. Here, it refers specifically to the Roman authorities who will take charge of Jesus’ execution, highlighting that his death will involve both Jewish and Gentile rejection.
  • “To mock” (ἐμπαίξαι, empaixai): This Greek word means to ridicule or make fun of someone. The verse emphasizes that Jesus’ suffering will include not just physical pain but also public humiliation.
  • “To crucify” (σταυρῶσαι, staurōsai): This term means to put someone to death by nailing them to a cross, a Roman method of execution reserved for the worst criminals. Its use here points to the shame and severity of the death Jesus will endure.
  • “Again” (ἀναστήσεται, anastēsetai): This word is often translated as “rise again.” It means to stand up or come back to life, making clear that Jesus is predicting a real, bodily resurrection after his death.

Why Matthew 20:19 matters

  • This verse clears up any idea that Jesus’ death was accidental or unexpected; he predicts it in detail, showing it is part of a known plan.
  • The mention of both mocking and scourging highlights that Jesus’ suffering will be emotional and physical, not just a quick execution.
  • By saying he will rise on the third day, Jesus connects his coming death to hope and victory, preparing his followers to understand the resurrection when it happens.

Where else these words appear

“scourge” Greek G3146 · used in 7 verses

  • Matthew 10:17 But beware of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues;
  • Mark 10:34 And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
  • John 19:1 Then Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged him.

“mock” Greek G1702 · used in 13 verses

  • Matthew 2:16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.
  • Mark 10:34 And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
  • Luke 18:32 For he shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated, and spitted on:

“crucify” Greek G4717 · used in 42 verses

  • Matthew 23:34 Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes: and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city:
  • Mark 15:24 And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.
  • John 19:20 This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.

“third” Greek G5154 · used in 49 verses

  • Matthew 16:21 From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.
  • Luke 20:31 And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.
  • 2 Corinthians 13:1 This is the third time I am coming to you. In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established.