Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.
ACTS 23:5KJVWhat does Acts 23:5 mean?
Acts 23:5 shows Paul apologizing for speaking sharply to the high priest, saying he did not realize the man was the high priest, and quoting Scripture that warns against speaking evil of a leader. Paul acknowledges the authority of the high priest and expresses respect for the law, even in a tense situation.
Paul is speaking before the Jewish council (Sanhedrin) after being struck on the order of the high priest. When Paul reacts strongly, someone points out he is addressing the high priest, and Paul responds with this verse. Paul refers to the commandment from the Hebrew Scriptures, showing his respect for the law and the office, even if he disagrees with the person.
The Greek behind Acts 23:5
- ἱερεύς (hiereus): This word means "priest," and here it refers specifically to the high priest. Paul's claim that he did not know he was addressing the high priest has led to much discussion, but the Greek simply identifies the office.
- κακῶς (kakōs): This word means "evil" or "badly." Paul quotes a commandment not to "speak evil" of a ruler, emphasizing the seriousness of his words and the respect due to authority.
- ἄρχων (archōn): This word means "ruler" or "leader." Paul’s use of this word shows he is thinking of the high priest not just as a religious figure but as a leader of the people.
Why Acts 23:5 matters
- Acts 23:5 clears up that Paul did not intend to disrespect the high priest personally, but was caught off guard by the situation, showing his commitment to the law even under pressure.
- This verse highlights the tension between Paul and the Jewish authorities, and how Paul navigates respect for the law while defending himself.
- Acts 23:5 connects Paul’s actions to the broader biblical principle of respecting those in authority, even when there is conflict or injustice.