Exodus 22:21 (KJV)

What does Exodus 22:21 mean?

Exodus 22:21 commands the Israelites not to mistreat or take advantage of foreigners living among them, reminding them that they themselves were once foreigners in Egypt. The verse stresses fair and compassionate treatment for those who are outsiders.

In this verse, God is speaking to the Israelites through Moses, giving them laws to live by after their escape from Egypt. The instruction comes in the context of a series of laws about justice and social responsibility, highlighting the importance of empathy and memory of their own past as strangers in a foreign land.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 22:21

• "vex" (יָנָה, yanah): This word means to mistreat, wrong, or oppress. It emphasizes not just physical harm but any kind of unjust treatment.
• "stranger" (גֵּר, ger): This refers to a foreigner or sojourner—someone living among the Israelites who is not native-born. The term often implies vulnerability due to lack of social standing or protection.
• "oppress" (לָחַץ, lachats): This word means to press, squeeze, or oppress, often used for harsh or exploitative treatment. It highlights the seriousness of taking advantage of someone’s weaker position.

Why Exodus 22:21 matters

• This verse clarifies that God’s concern for justice includes those who are outsiders or vulnerable, not just the native community.
• The reminder that the Israelites were once "strangers" in Egypt roots the command in shared experience, making the law personal and relatable.
• Exodus 22:21 sets a tone for many later biblical laws and teachings about caring for the marginalized, showing that compassion is foundational to the community’s identity.