Exodus 22:16 (KJV)

What does Exodus 22:16 mean?

Exodus 22:16 says that if a man persuades an unmarried woman to have sexual relations with him, he is required to pay a marriage price and take her as his wife. This law is about responsibility and protecting the woman’s future after such an event.

In this verse, God is giving instructions to the Israelites through Moses about what should happen if a man "entices" a young woman who is not engaged. The focus is on making sure the woman is not left vulnerable or dishonored, and that the man takes responsibility for his actions by providing for her as a wife.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 22:16

• "Entice" (פָּתָה, pathah): This word means to persuade or seduce, often by talking someone into something. Here, it shows the act was not forced but involved convincing the woman.
• "Maid" (בְּתוּלָה, b’tulah): This word refers to a young, unmarried woman, often understood as a virgin. The verse is specifically about someone who is not already promised to another man.
• "Endow" (מָהַר, mahar): This means to pay a bride-price or marriage gift. It was a customary payment to the woman’s family, showing the seriousness of marriage and providing for her well-being.

Why Exodus 22:16 matters

• Exodus 22:16 clarifies that the man cannot simply walk away after seducing an unmarried woman; he has a duty to her and her family.
• The verse emphasizes the value and protection of women in ancient Israelite society, especially in situations where their social standing could be harmed.
• This law fits into a broader set of instructions in Exodus about justice, fairness, and caring for the vulnerable, showing that personal actions have social consequences.