Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader.

1 CHRONICLES 2:51KJV
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What does 1 Chronicles 2:51 mean?

1 Chronicles 2:51 states that Salma was the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph was the father of Bethgader. This verse is part of a genealogy, listing the ancestors and founders of certain towns in ancient Israel.

The book of 1 Chronicles was written to record the family lines of the tribes of Israel, with this section focusing on the descendants of Judah. The verse identifies Salma and Hareph as the founders or leading ancestors ("father") of the towns Bethlehem and Bethgader, showing the historical roots of these places and their significance within the tribe of Judah.

The Hebrew behind 1 Chronicles 2:51

  • "Salma" (שַׂלְמָא, Salmāʾ) is named as an ancestor, and is often associated with the founding or leading family of Bethlehem.
  • "Father" (אָב, ʾāv) here means "ancestor" or "founder," not just a biological father, indicating a key figure in the origin of a town or clan.
  • "Bethlehem" (בֵּית לֶחֶם, Bēt Leḥem) is a well-known town in Judah, later famous as the birthplace of David and Jesus.
  • "Hareph" (חָרֵף, Ḥārēf) is another clan leader or founder, less well-known, but important in the local history.
  • "Bethgader" (בֵּית גָּדֵר, Bēt Gāder) is a town whose name means "house of the wall" or "house of the enclosure," showing how place names often reflected features or founders.

Why 1 Chronicles 2:51 matters

  • This verse helps clarify that "father" in biblical genealogies often means "founder" or "chief ancestor," not just a direct parent, which is important for understanding other Old Testament lists.
  • By naming Salma as the ancestor of Bethlehem, the verse connects later important biblical figures (like David) to their tribal and local roots.
  • The verse fits into a larger section that traces the development of Judah’s towns and families, helping readers see how the land and its people were organized in ancient Israel.

Where else these words appear

“Salma” Hebrew H8007 · used in 3 verses

  • 1 Chronicles 2:11 And Nahshon begat Salma, and Salma begat Boaz,
  • 1 Chronicles 2:54 The sons of Salma; Bethlehem, and the Netophathites, Ataroth, the house of Joab, and half of the Manahethites, the Zorites.

“Bethlehem” Hebrew H1035 · used in 39 verses

  • Genesis 35:19 And Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Ephrath, which is Bethlehem.
  • Ruth 1:2 And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehemjudah. And they came into the country of Moab, and continued there.
  • 2 Samuel 23:16 And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: nevertheless he would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD.