And the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper: they were inclosed in ouches of gold in their inclosings.

EXODUS 39:13KJV
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Exodus 39:13 (KJV)

What does Exodus 39:13 mean?

Exodus 39:13 describes the fourth row of precious stones set into the high priest’s breastplate, listing a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper, each mounted in gold settings. This verse is part of a detailed account of how the Israelites crafted the priestly garments exactly as God had instructed Moses.

The context is the construction of the tabernacle and its furnishings, with skilled artisans following God’s directions for the high priest’s clothing. Each stone in the breastplate represented one of the tribes of Israel, and the careful arrangement and gold settings show the value and significance placed on this sacred object.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 39:13

  • "beryl" (תַּרְשִׁישׁ, tarshish): This stone is often understood as a light green or blue-green gem, valued for its beauty and rarity in the ancient world.
  • "onyx" (שֹׁהַם, shoham): The exact identification is debated, but it is generally seen as a banded or layered stone, possibly black or white, prized in ancient jewelry.
  • "jasper" (יָשְׁפֵה, yashfeh): This is usually a richly colored stone, often red or brown, known for its hardness and luster.
  • "ouches" (מִשְׁבְּצוֹת, mishbetzot): This word refers to the gold settings or filigree that held each stone in place, emphasizing the craftsmanship and care taken in making the breastplate.

Why Exodus 39:13 matters

  • Exodus 39:13 highlights the attention to detail and obedience to God’s instructions in the Israelites’ worship practices, showing that every aspect of the priest’s garments had meaning and purpose.
  • The specific mention of each stone and its gold setting underlines the value placed on representing all the tribes of Israel equally before God.
  • This verse connects to the broader theme of holiness and beauty in the tabernacle, where even the smallest details were designed to reflect God’s glory and the special role of the high priest.

Where else these words appear

“jasper” Hebrew H3471 · used in 3 verses

  • Exodus 28:20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.
  • Ezekiel 28:13 Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.

“inclosings” Hebrew H4396 · used in 3 verses

  • Exodus 28:17 And thou shalt set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones: the first row shall be a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this shall be the first row.
  • Exodus 28:20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.

“inclosed” Hebrew H4142 · used in 5 verses

  • Exodus 28:11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.
  • Exodus 39:6 And they wrought onyx stones inclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel.
  • Numbers 32:38 And Nebo, and Baalmeon,(their names being changed,) and Shibmah: and gave other names unto the cities which they builded.

“beryl” Hebrew H8658 · used in 7 verses

  • Exodus 28:20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings.
  • Ezekiel 1:16 The appearance of the wheels and their work was like unto the colour of a beryl: and they four had one likeness: and their appearance and their work was as it were a wheel in the middle of a wheel.
  • Ezekiel 28:13 Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.