Exodus 39:6 (KJV)

What does Exodus 39:6 mean?

Exodus 39:6 describes how skilled workers made onyx stones set in gold settings, each stone engraved like a seal with the names of the tribes of Israel. The verse highlights the careful craftsmanship and the significance of representing all the children of Israel in the priestly garments.

This verse is part of the account of constructing the high priest’s garments as God instructed Moses. The onyx stones were to be placed on the priest’s shoulders, each engraved with six of the tribes’ names, symbolizing that the priest carried all Israel before God. The detailed description shows the importance of both beauty and meaning in the tabernacle’s service.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 39:6

• "Onyx" (שֹׁהַם, shoham): This stone is often understood as a precious, dark-colored gem. Its use here emphasizes value and distinction, setting the stones apart as special markers for the tribes.
• "Ouches" (מִשְׁבְּצוֹת, mishbetzot): This word refers to gold settings or mountings. The settings were crafted to securely hold the onyx stones, showing attention to both function and appearance.
• "Graven" (פִּתּוּחֵי, pituché): This term means engraved or carved, especially as one would engrave a seal or signet ring. The engraving was not just decorative but served to identify each tribe by name.
• "Signets" (חֹתָם, chotam): A signet was used to make an official mark or seal. Comparing the engraving to a signet suggests the names were deeply and clearly inscribed, making each tribe’s identity unmistakable.

Why Exodus 39:6 matters

• Exodus 39:6 clarifies that the priest’s garments were not only beautiful but also meaningful, with each tribe’s name permanently represented.
• The verse connects the priest’s role to the whole nation, showing that the high priest symbolically bore all Israel before God, not just himself.
• This detail ties into the broader theme of Exodus 39, which is about obedience to God’s specific instructions and the care taken in worship and service.