2 Samuel 19:40 (KJV)

What does 2 Samuel 19:40 mean?

2 Samuel 19:40 describes King David traveling to Gilgal, accompanied by Chimham, with all the people of Judah and half the people of Israel escorting him. This verse shows the support David received from his own tribe, Judah, and from part of the larger nation of Israel as he returned to his throne.

The setting is after Absalom’s rebellion, when David is being restored as king. The verse highlights the loyalty of Judah (David’s tribe) and the partial support from Israel, hinting at underlying tensions between the tribes. Chimham, who travels with David, is likely being honored for his father Barzillai’s kindness to David during his time in exile.

The Hebrew behind 2 Samuel 19:40

• king (מֶלֶךְ, melekh): This word refers to David, emphasizing his restored royal status as he returns to lead the nation.
• Gilgal (גִּלְגָּל, Gilgal): Gilgal is a significant location in Israel’s history, often associated with transitions and new beginnings, which fits the context of David’s return.
• people (עָם, am): The word is used for both Judah and Israel here, drawing attention to the division between the two groups and the partial unity in supporting David.
• conducted (עָבַר, avar): This verb, meaning “to cross over” or “to accompany,” is used several times in this passage, underlining the act of escorting or accompanying David on his journey, not just physically but in support and allegiance.

Why 2 Samuel 19:40 matters

• This verse highlights the growing division between Judah and the rest of Israel, which will become more pronounced in the chapters that follow.
• The mention of Chimham shows David’s gratitude and the way he honors loyalty and kindness, connecting personal relationships to national events.
• The escort by “all the people of Judah, and also half the people of Israel” sets the stage for the disputes and rivalries that will soon surface, helping readers understand the political and social dynamics at play.