Proverbs 31:10 (KJV)

What does Proverbs 31:10 mean?

Proverbs 31:10 describes a "virtuous woman" as someone whose worth is far greater than precious stones like rubies, highlighting how rare and valuable such a person is. The verse asks who can find this kind of woman, suggesting that she is not easily found and is to be deeply treasured.

This verse comes from the closing section of Proverbs, where a mother is giving advice to her son, King Lemuel, about the qualities of an excellent wife. The focus is on the extraordinary value and character of a woman who lives with strength, integrity, and wisdom, setting the stage for the detailed description that follows in the rest of the chapter.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 31:10

• חַיִל (chayil, "virtuous"): This word often means strength, ability, or valor, and is used elsewhere in the Old Testament for warriors or people of great capability. Here, it points to a woman of strong character and competence, not just moral goodness.
• אִשָּׁה (ishah, "woman"): This word simply means "woman" or "wife," making clear the focus is on a female figure, specifically in the context of marriage.
• מִפְּנִינִים (mippeninim, "rubies"): The word translated "rubies" can also mean other precious stones, possibly pearls. The point is that her value is above even the most treasured material things.

Why Proverbs 31:10 matters

• Proverbs 31:10 clears up the idea that "virtuous" is only about moral purity; the original word includes strength, resourcefulness, and capability.
• The verse sets the tone for the rest of Proverbs 31, showing that the qualities described are rare and to be highly valued, not just expected or ordinary.
• By comparing the woman’s worth to precious stones, Proverbs 31:10 emphasizes that character and inner strength are more important than wealth or outward beauty.