She riseth also while it is yet night, and giveth meat to her household, and a portion to her maidens.

PROVERBS 31:15KJV
Know the Bible

What does Proverbs 31:15 mean?

Proverbs 31:15 describes a woman who gets up while it is still dark to provide food for her family and to make sure her female servants have their share. The verse highlights her diligence, care, and sense of responsibility toward everyone in her household.

This verse is part of a larger passage where a mother describes the qualities of an ideal, capable woman to her son. The setting is a household in ancient Israel, where the woman’s early rising and attention to both family and servants show her practical wisdom and leadership. The verse paints a picture of someone who is organized and attentive to the needs of others, not just her immediate family.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 31:15

  • "riseth" (קוּם, qum): This word means to get up or arise, often with a sense of purpose or readiness. Here, it emphasizes the woman’s initiative and willingness to start her work before anyone else is awake.
  • "night" (לַיְלָה, laylah): This word means night or nighttime, highlighting that she begins her tasks before dawn, not just early in the morning.
  • "meat" (טֶרֶף, teref): This word means food or prey, often used for something that is acquired or prepared. It suggests she is actively providing what is needed, not just distributing what is already at hand.
  • "portion" (חֹק, choq): This word means a prescribed share or portion, often with a sense of fairness or what is due. The verse shows she is thoughtful about making sure everyone gets what they need, including her maidens (servant girls).

Why Proverbs 31:15 matters

  • Proverbs 31:15 clears up the idea that the ideal woman is only focused on her immediate family; she also cares for those who work for her, showing fairness and compassion.
  • The verse emphasizes the value of diligence and planning ahead, traits that are praised throughout Proverbs.
  • This verse connects to the wider passage by building a picture of the "virtuous woman" as someone whose strength is seen in her everyday actions and her concern for the well-being of others, not just in public or dramatic ways.

Where else these words appear

“meat” Hebrew H2964 · used in 23 verses

  • Genesis 49:9 Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?
  • Psalms 104:21 The young lions roar after their prey, and seek their meat from God.
  • Ezekiel 19:6 And he went up and down among the lions, he became a young lion, and learned to catch the prey, and devoured men.

“maidens” Hebrew H5291 · used in 57 verses

  • Genesis 24:14 And let it come to pass, that the damsel to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink; and she shall say, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: let the same be she that thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and thereby shall I know that thou hast shewed kindness unto my master.
  • Deuteronomy 22:27 For he found her in the field, and the betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to save her.
  • 1 Kings 1:2 Wherefore his servants said unto him, Let there be sought for my lord the king a young virgin: and let her stand before the king, and let her cherish him, and let her lie in thy bosom, that my lord the king may get heat.

“portion” Hebrew H2706 · used in 124 verses

  • Genesis 47:22 Only the land of the priests bought he not; for the priests had a portion assigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their portion which Pharaoh gave them: wherefore they sold not their lands.
  • Deuteronomy 26:16 This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments: thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul.
  • Psalms 119:8 I will keep thy statutes: O forsake me not utterly.