It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine; nor for princes strong drink:
PROVERBS 31:4KJVWhat does Proverbs 31:4 mean?
Proverbs 31:4 warns that it is not fitting for kings or princes to drink wine or strong drink, because such behavior can cloud judgment and lead to poor decisions. The verse is a direct instruction to those in positions of authority to avoid things that might impair their ability to rule wisely.
In this verse, the speaker is the mother of Lemuel, giving advice to her son, who is either a king or being prepared for leadership. The setting is a wise mother teaching her son about the responsibilities and dangers that come with power. The verse highlights the importance of clear thinking and self-control for leaders, suggesting that indulgence in alcohol is especially risky for those who must make important decisions for others.
The Hebrew behind Proverbs 31:4
- מְלָכִים (melakhim, "kings"): This word refers specifically to rulers or those with governing authority. The repetition in the verse stresses that the warning applies to all who hold such positions, not just one individual.
- לְמוּאֵל (Lemuel): This is the name of the person being addressed, and it means "belonging to God." The personal address shows the advice is meant to be taken seriously and personally.
- שֵׁכָר (shekhar, "strong drink"): This word refers to intoxicating beverages other than wine, often understood as fermented drinks. The mention of both wine and strong drink covers all types of alcohol, emphasizing the breadth of the warning.
Why Proverbs 31:4 matters
- Proverbs 31:4 clarifies that the warning is not a general prohibition against alcohol, but a specific caution for those in leadership roles, where clear judgment is crucial.
- The verse connects to the wider passage by showing that wisdom and self-control are essential qualities for anyone who leads others, setting the stage for the rest of the chapter’s description of wise and capable leadership.
- The direct address to Lemuel highlights the personal responsibility leaders have to avoid things that could compromise their ability to serve others well.