Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?

PSALMS 78:20KJV
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What does Psalms 78:20 mean?

Psalms 78:20 recalls how God provided water for the Israelites by striking a rock, then questions whether God can also give them bread and meat. The verse highlights the people's doubt about God's ability to meet all their needs, even after witnessing a miracle.

The psalm is spoken by the writer Asaph, reflecting on Israel’s history in the wilderness after leaving Egypt. The people saw God bring water from a rock, but they still questioned if He could provide food. This verse captures their skepticism and forgetfulness, showing how quickly they doubted God’s care despite clear signs of His power.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 78:20

  • "smote" (נָכָה, nakhah) means to strike or hit forcefully. This word emphasizes the dramatic action Moses took at God's command to bring water from the rock, which was a memorable miracle for the Israelites.
  • "rock" (צּוּר, tsur) refers to a large, solid rock or cliff. In the wilderness story, the rock is not just any stone but a symbol of an impossible source of water, making the miracle even more striking.
  • "provide" (כּוּן, kun) carries the sense of preparing or arranging something securely. The people are not just asking if God can give food, but if He can reliably set it up for them, showing a deeper level of doubt about God’s ongoing care.

Why Psalms 78:20 matters

  • Psalms 78:20 helps clarify that the Israelites’ problem was not just physical need but a lack of trust, even after experiencing God’s help firsthand.
  • The verse connects to the larger theme of Psalm 78, which is about remembering God’s faithfulness and warning against repeating the mistakes of past generations.
  • By focusing on both water and food, the verse shows how people can quickly forget past blessings and demand new signs, a pattern that appears throughout the Bible.

Where else these words appear

“flesh” Hebrew H7607 · used in 16 verses

  • Exodus 21:10 If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.
  • Leviticus 21:2 But for his kin, that is near unto him, that is, for his mother, and for his father, and for his son, and for his daughter, and for his brother,
  • Proverbs 5:11 And thou mourn at the last, when thy flesh and thy body are consumed,

“overflowed” Hebrew H7857 · used in 30 verses

  • Leviticus 6:28 But the earthen vessel wherein it is sodden shall be broken: and if it be sodden in a brasen pot, it shall be both scoured, and rinsed in water.
  • Song of Solomon 8:7 Many waters cannot quench love, neither can the floods drown it: if a man would give all the substance of his house for love, it would utterly be contemned.
  • Jeremiah 8:6 I hearkened and heard, but they spake not aright: no man repented him of his wickedness, saying, What have I done? every one turned to his course, as the horse rusheth into the battle.

“out” Hebrew H2100 · used in 41 verses

  • Exodus 3:8 And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
  • Leviticus 15:19 And if a woman have an issue, and her issue in her flesh be blood, she shall be put apart seven days: and whosoever toucheth her shall be unclean until the even.
  • Deuteronomy 26:9 And he hath brought us into this place, and hath given us this land, even a land that floweth with milk and honey.

“rock” Hebrew H6697 · used in 74 verses

  • Exodus 17:6 Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
  • 1 Chronicles 11:15 Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
  • Psalms 81:16 He should have fed them also with the finest of the wheat: and with honey out of the rock should I have satisfied thee.